Carriage-axle



(No Model.) y

H. KILLAM.

Carriage Axle.

No. 241,376. 'Patented May/10,1881.

y UNITED STATES PATENT Errea.

HENRY KILLAM, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

CARRIAGE-AXLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 241,376, dated May 10, 1881.

A Applcationled March 21,1881. (No model) To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HENRY KILLAM, ot' New Haven, in the county ot' New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Carriage-Axles; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description ot' the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, ini- Figure 1, a longitudinal central section Fig. 2, a transverse section on line x a'.

This invention relates to an improvement in carriage-axles, with special reference to axles for coaches and the larger class of carriages, but applicable as well to thelighter class of carriages, the object being principally to strengthen the axle at the shoulder-that is, so as to avoid the usual sharp angle, that angle being the point where the axle most readily breaks, and it consists in the construction as hereinafter described, and particularly recited in the claims.

A represents the axle-arm, ot' the usual genera-l outline, save at the shoulder or collar the surface of the axle runs into the collar in the shape of a curve, as at a, so that the angle is filled and consequently7 strengthened. At the outer end the axle is provided with the usual nut, b. l

Immediately in rear ofthe shoulder d, against which the nut b bears, the axle is reduced for a short distance, and so as to form a second shoulder, e, as seen in Fig. 1.

B is the box, fitted to the axle in the usual manner. At the front end the box is recessed a distance equal to the distance between the shoulders d and e on the axle-arm, and so as to form a shoulder, f, within the box corresponding to the shoulder e. This leaves a recess between the box and the axle-arm from the outer end inward to the shoulders ej".

After `the box has been placed upon the axlearm I introduce into this space a ring, h,whole or in parts, the size ot' the ring corresponding to the size of the recess between the axle-arm and box, and, so as to strike the shoulder e on the axle, and so that the nut b on the outside will bear against the outside ofthe ring h, the nut or collar of the nut b being of less diameter than theexternal diameter of the ring, so that a portion ot' the ring will be exposed outside ihe peripheryof the collar Z on the nut b.

The end ofthe box B is threaded upon the outside, and onto this threaded portion acapnut, C, is placed, covering'the nut b, and so as to bear against the ring h outside the nut b, as show'n in Fig. 1. Thus the thrust between the axle and the box is taken by the shoulders e and fupon the inside, and bythe two nuts upon the outsidethat is to say, the ring iheilig lirml y held between the shoulder e on the axlearm and its nut 71, the shoulder fon the box takes the ont-thrust, and the nut C takes theinward thrust against 'the ring h-so that there is no contact between the box and the shoulder at the inner end of the axle-arm, the box at that end being curved, as at m, to permit the curvature of the axle-arm at its intersection with its collar and withoutcomin g in contact therewith.

In the patent granted to me August 12,187 9, No. 218,443, a similar construction ofthe outer end ot' the axle-arm box and two nuts is found; but instead of tillin g the space with a non-elastic material a spring was introduced which would yield 'to the outward or inward thrust.

ABy this improvement l desire to avoid that yielding, and thereby form rigid thrust-bearY ings at the outer end of the axle-arm, and which enables me to strengthen the arm by the curved intersection at its collar end.

The ring h is best made from hard wood, the grain ruiming substantially parallel with the axis ot' the axle-arm, it being first thoroughly llled with oil; but it may be of any suitable non-elastic material, as rawhide, brass, Babbitt or other metal.

The usual method of preventing the box from turning in the hub has been to form longitudinal ribs or projections on the surface of the box to embed into the wood ofthe hub. As a better method ot' securing the box, I construct it with a collar, lr, at its rear end,which enters the hub D, and in this collar, at one or more points, I cut anotch, s, (sec Fig. 2,) then through these notches I drive a metal key, t, (see Fig. 1,) which takes into the wood oi' the hub and fills the notch s in the collar, and thus forms a firm connection between the box and the hub.

I claim- IOC:

1. The combination of an axle-arm reduced at its forward end to form a second shoulder, c, in rear of the nut-shoulder d, the box constructed with a, recess at its forward end to form a shoulder,f, corresponding to the shoulder e on the axle-arm, a nut on the end ofthe axle, a second nut covering` the axle-nut, and e non-elastic rin g in the recess between the axle-box and the axlearln, against which the aX1e-arrn box and both the nuts take n bearing, substantially as described.

2. An axle-arm constructed with u. curved intersection Withits collaret the innerend, land with a. second shoulder, c, in rear of the nutshonlder d, at the outer end, combined with 2L box. recessed at its outer end, to form a. shoulder,f, correspondingr to the shoulder e on the axle-arm, a non-elastic ring` in the recess between the box und axle-arm at the outer end, and e nut on the axle-erm, a second nut on the box, both of said nuts taking L bearing on the said nonelzistic ring, substantially as described.

3. An axle-box constructed with a collar, r, at its inner end, with'one or more notches, s, therein, combined with e key, t, driven th rough said notch or notches into the wood hub, substantially 'as described.

HENRY KILLAM. 

